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The standard frequency range used in diagnostic ultrasound is primarily between 2 to 18 MHz. This range is chosen because it strikes a balance between image resolution and tissue penetration. Lower frequencies (around 2-5 MHz) are utilized for deeper structures, as they provide better penetration but lower resolution. Higher frequencies (up to 18 MHz) are used for imaging superficial structures, offering enhanced resolution due to shorter wavelengths but having reduced penetration capability.

This broad range allows sonographers to select the appropriate frequency based on the specific clinical scenario and the characteristics of the tissue being examined. Thus, understanding this frequency range is crucial for producing high-quality diagnostic images and tailoring the ultrasound examination to meet patient needs effectively.