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Echocardiography is primarily used to assess cardiac conditions because it specifically focuses on the heart's structure and function. This technique utilizes sound waves to create images of the heart, enabling healthcare professionals to visualize the heart's chambers, valves, and surrounding structures. It provides crucial information about heart size, shape, and motion, which helps in diagnosing various cardiac conditions such as heart failure, valve disorders, and congenital heart defects. The images produced through echocardiography can be used to evaluate blood flow and the performance of the heart during different phases of the cardiac cycle, making it an essential tool in cardiology.

In contrast, other types of ultrasound, such as vascular ultrasound, typically focus on blood vessels and circulation rather than the heart itself, abdominal ultrasound deals with organs in the abdominal cavity, and transcranial Doppler ultrasound examines blood flow in the brain. Each of these modalities serves specific purposes that do not align with the primary aim of assessing cardiac health.